CATIA looks for a file called DSLicSrv.txt located in the hidden folder C:\ProgramData\DassaultSystemes\Licenses . Ensure this file contains the correct server name and port (usually ServerName:4085 ).
Before assuming you need to buy a new license, verify what CATIA sees: The Expiration Date Of Your License Has Arrived Catia
Licenses are often "node-locked" to a specific machine's unique ID. If you have recently upgraded your PC or are using a docking station (like a Thunderbolt dock), your Target ID may have shifted. CATIA looks for a file called DSLicSrv